Archive for 2014
La mujer en el franquismo
Además de todo esto, a las mujeres casadas se les negó el acceso al mercado laboral. Con el Fuero del Trabajo, el Estado reguló el trabajo a domicilio, y sólo podían trabajar las mujeres solteras o viudas subordinadas a los varones. Además, si se casaban, debían firmar su despido voluntario un mes antes del enlace, según lo dictaba la Ley de Reglamentaciones Laborales de 1942, y para acceder a él, dos años después, la Ley de Contratos de Trabajodecía que debían contar con la autorización del marido. Además los sueldos eran más bajos con respecto a los varones. Por todo esto, era difícil para una mujer cabeza de familia sacar adelante su hogar y, aunque existía la cartilla de racionamiento, para los productos de consumo básico, el hambre seguía apretando, no era suficiente la cantidad que recibían para alimentar a toda la familia y muchas recurrieron al estraperlo, cambiando productos, manufacturados por ellas mismas, por alimentos. El estraperlo estaba considerado un delito y acarreaba penas de cárcel y multas.
Anuncios de la época
La familia era una jerarquía en la que la mujer estaba supeditada al varón y los hijos a los padres. La mujer era la que se llevaba la peor parte, pues su labor era la de satisfacer a su marido; debía estar guapa para él, complacerle en todo. La revista de la Seccion Femenina, liderada por Pilar Primo de Rivera, enseñaba a las mujeres a comportarse, siempre supeditadas a la voluntad del varón y dispuestas a complacerlo en todo, sin derechos, sin opiniones, solo sumisión.
Por supuesto que el adulterio de la mujer estaba castigado por el Código Penal, pero no el del varón.
Grevys zebra
Andy Warhol
Endangered Species | |
In 1983, Andy Warhol created a series of ten color screenprints that portrayed endangered animals from around the world: Siberian tiger, San Francisco silverspot, orangutan, Grevy's zebra, black rhinoceros, bighorn ram, African elephant, pine barrens tree frog, giant panda and bald eagle. Using brilliant colors -- characteristic of his signature style -- and poignant expressions suggestive of the animal's fate, Warhol creates a dynamic tension between art and reality. The Endangered Species portfolio was commissioned by Ronald and Frayda Feldman, long-time political and environmental activists who support innovative art projects and installations through their art gallery, Ronald Feldman Fine Art, New York. According to the Feldman's, the idea for the portfolio emerged after conversations with Warhol about ecological issues that included a discussion about beach erosion. Warhol was always interested in animals and when Ronald Feldman proposed the idea, the artist embraced it. Today, the loss of habitat and biodiversity are still hot topics as the impact of development reaches critical thresholds. |
Glass dish with melons
It is a work of Mauro David.
Hyperrealism is a radical trend of realistic painting emerged in the U.S. in the late sixties of the twentieth century. The hyperrealism aims to reproduce reality more faithfully and objectivity photography.
Separation
Watercolor and pencil on paper , up and down a strip with watercolor and ink on cardboard, 33.5 x 23.2 cm.
Zentrum Paul Klee, Bern.
Modeled music, Klee 1922-1923 running towards a series of works that are among the most famous of all their production . These paintings, variations on the themes of dawn and dusk , have much to do with each other . They refer to various studies skies these years, among which we mention the Eros - a reflection on watercolor hues arranged forming sequences , indicated by upward arrows turn left ideally the horizon in the lower line of the table - and Separation own evening . The objective in this type of composition , where color and directional arrow sign play a central role , is to propose a kind of expanded vision of the cosmos. Simplifying the chromatic elements of the universe do, Klee misses the essence of a mature art , which the aggressive tone of the arrow, authentic agens , character moves look inside the box type: left and right , up and down become cardinal points of his own world of artist but can universally shared at once romantic and vibrant and absolute "scientific " . Based on theories about color Delacroix, Goethe and Delaunay , Klee focuses on the movement in accordance with the colors and speaks of "rhythm circular color." Starting point is the concept of " color wheel " where the circumference is divided into six main segments that make chromatic relationships , a primary color alternating with a secondary interposed between the two of birth, while complementary neutralized in center . This scheme allows the color "movements" diametrical and peripherals, special blends and contrasts. In this work, the rigid vertical division is balanced by the direction of the two arrows : the downside , bigger, indicating the Cold sunset , while the heat of the sun is symbolized by the small arrow.
Le pigeon aux petit pois
Le pigeon aux petit pois is a work of Pablo Picasso painted in 1911. Has a cubist style and represents various geometric figures (rectangles, arcs and circles) in gray and white on a background of ocher. In the upper right corner of the painting can be read the word "Coffee" in capital letters.
Theft
The May 20, 2010, was one of the artworks stolen from the Museum of Modern Art in Paris on May 20, 2010, in an assault in which works were stolen worth 100 million euros.1 Robber and sponsor appeared the following year, and the latter stated that he panicked after a chase and a call from the police, so he threw paint a trash can. However, the police doubted this declaración
Girl at the Window
Girl at the Window is a famous painting by Spanish artist Salvador Dali painted in 1925. 's Done by the technique of oil on plasterboard is realistic style and its measurements are 105 x 74.5 cm. Kept in Madrid at the Reina Sofia Museum.
The picture belongs to the formative stage of Dalí , when the artist was twenty and surrealism had not appreciably influenced his painting .
Description
Represent the artist's sister , Ana Maria , at age seventeen, looking out the window, his back in the holiday home the family owned in Cadaqués to the seashore. Dalí performs work of great color uniformity and simplicity in the composition , where the girl introduces us to the landscape she contemplated.
Clearly, the color values of the work are blue, as in Picasso 's early works which were composed of only blue ranges .
Girl suffers some notable disproportion their feet, which are very small. Dalí 's sister appears in other contemporary painter and later paintings, was the model for the painter until he met Gala in 1929. Painting was in the first exhibition of the author Dalmau Gallery in Barcelona in November 1925.
El conflicto entre el Estado de Israel y Palestina.
Cartel comunista
This poster is the union of the workers of the USSR, even not having the same job all have the same thought.
This poster began to see the end of the Second World War, in the former USSR.
To see more images of posters of comunism click here
Twin Towers
The Twin Towers of New York, designed by Minoru Yamasaki , were part of the World Trade Center, a complex of seven buildings in the Financial District of Manhattan. These steel monoliths with 110 stories and 417 meters high, although one measured 415, changed the skyline of the city and were the highest in Manhattan at the time of building completion and the fourth in the world rankings , behind of the Petronas Towers in Malaysia ( 452 m), the Sears Tower in Chicago ( 443m ) and Jin Mao Tower in China ( 421m ) .
Begun on August 5, 1966 , the Towers were completed and officially opened on April 4, 1973 , although the work does not really end until 1975.
The September 11, 2001 , the Twin Towers were destroyed by a terrorist attack that crashed a plane 767 in each of the buildings. The tower one, two and seven complex collapsed and the rest was demolished after being damaged beyond repair
History
The World Trade Center was conceived in early 1969 by the Association of Lower Manhattan Development , aiming to revitalize the seedy area occupied primarily by electronic stores. The chairman of Chase Manhattan Bank, David Rockefeller , founder of the development association , and his brother , New York governor Nelson Rockefeller, pushed for carrying out the project , insisting it would benefit the entire city.
In 1962 , the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began plans to build the center.
The port of Marseille
With a pointillist technique, the artist reflects the boats, the water and the buildings of the city and harbor, creating a mosaic of multiple colors.
The love of sailing and the Marseille port was demonstrated by several works this subject (The port of Marseilles (1884) A view of Marseille (1905), etc..
The author has a novel by 1931.
Sunflowers
Van Gogh painted the first four frames in August 1888 , when he lived in Arles, in southern France, and three others like it in January of the following year. The paintings are all executed on canvas about 90 x 70 cm.
Context
Van Gogh was established in France in March 1886, after a hard winter when his father died and passed economic hardship. Encouraged by his brother Theo , he settled in Paris, the art capital at that time , where an atmosphere of artistic effervescence , caused by the appearance a few years before Impressionism lived . In the French capital he met other artists such as Toulouse- Lautrec , Pissarro , Seurat , Signac and Gauguin, with whom he shared a desire for renewal impresionismo.1 But his restless nature led him to seek a quieter place to work , and advised by Toulouse- Lautrec settled in Arles (Provence ) , where he arrived on February 20, 1888 . Here again was in a dire financial situation, as not sold any of his paintings , but survived thanks to the financial help of his brother
El desembarco de Normandía
El desembarco, 6 de junio
Día D. |
Los campos de concentación
- En julio de 1941, Himmler encarga a Reinhard Heydrich, jefe de las SS, la elaboración de un plan para la "solución final de la cuestión judía", mediante el aniquilamiento biológico de los judíos.
- El 20 de enero de 1942 se celebra la Conferencia de Wannsee en la que se ultima el plan para llevar a cabo el exterminio. A partir de ese momento comienza la eliminación sistemática de judíos europeos en los campos de concentración de Auschwitz, Chelmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka y Majdanek.
- Auschwitz I, el campo de concentración originario que servía como centro administrativo del todo el complejo. En este campo murieron presos políticos polacos y prisioneros de guerra soviéticos. Su construcción comenzó en mayo de 1940. En el hospital del Auschwitz I, los médicos de las SS llevaron a cabo experimentos médicos con niños, mellizos y enanos y practicaron esterilizaciones forzosas, castraciones y experimentos de hipotermia en adultos. El más conocido fue el capitán Josef Mengele.
- Auschwitz II (Birkenau), un campo de exterminio que nació en octubre de 1941 y en el que fueron asesinadas más de un millón y medio de personas, la inmensa mayoría judíos. La primera cámara de gas provisional empezó a funcionar en enero de 1942 y a finales de 1943 había ya cuatro estructuras de aniquilación, que incluían sala para desnudarse, cámara de gas y crematorio. Las operaciones de gaseo se prolongaron hasta finales de 1944. Los recién llegados a Auschwtitz-Birkenau tenían que pasar por un proceso de selección para determinar si eran aptos para realizar trabajos forzados o eran enviados inmediatamente a las cámaras de gas, que estaban disfrazadas como duchas para engañar a las víctimas. La mayoría de los presos fueron inmediatamente gaseados. Los efectos personales de las víctimas eran confiscados y clasificados en la sección conocida como "Canadá" para ser enviados a Alemania. Para los prisioneros, Canadá representaba la riqueza. Fueron frecuentes los casos de corrupción en las SS y muchos de esos efectos personales fueron sustraídos por los guardianes.
- Auschwitz III- Monowitz, fue un campo de trabajo forzado para la empresa IG Farben, una empresa química alemana. Periódicamente, las SS revisaban el estado médico de los trabajadores-esclavos y los más débiles eran enviados a las cámaras de gas.
Retoque fotográfico en los tiempos de Stalin
Las trincheras
We Can Do It! (Fichas De Arte)
Is a sign of U.S. war propaganda created by J. Howard Miller in 1943 for Westinghouse Electric as an inspiring image to raise the morale of workers. It is generally thought that the poster is based on a black and white photograph of a cable service taken to a factory worker named Geraldine Hoff Michigan.
The poster was seen little during the Second World War. It was rediscovered in the early 1980s and widely reproduced in many forms, often called "We Can Do It!" but also "Rosie the Riveter", which is the figurehead of a working strong production in the period of the war. The image of "We Can Do It!" was used to promote feminism and other political issues from the 1980s. The picture made the cover of Smithsonian magazine in 1994 and became a first class postage stamp in the United States in 1999. It was incorporated in 2008 in Campaign materials for various U.S. politicians and was reworked by an artist in 2010 to celebrate the first woman to become Prime Minister of Australia. The poster is one of the ten most requested images in the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States.
After its rediscovery, observers often assumed that the image is always used as a call to inspire workers to join the war effort. However, during the war was strictly internal image of Westinghouse, shown only during February 1943, and it was not for recruitment, but to encourage women already contracted to work more duro.Las feminists and others have used his attitude Uplifting apparent to redo the image in many ways, including self-empowerment, promotion campaigns, advertising and parodies message.